Allelic polymorphism of emm loci provides evidence for horizontal gene spread in group A streptococci.

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Allelic polymorphism of emm loci provides evidence for horizontal gene spread in group A streptococci.

Group A streptococci have a virulence regulon containing a single emm locus or two or three distinct and adjacent loci of structurally related emm family genes. The products of the emm gene cluster consist of fibrillar surface proteins, at least some of which are known to contain determinants of type specificity located in their NH2-terminal regions, lying distal to the cell surface. The emm ge...

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Genetic linkage of exotoxin alleles and emm gene markers for tissue tropism in group A streptococci.

In group A streptococci, genetic markers for principal tissue reservoir are located within emm genes, which encode surface proteins that have a role in virulence. A worldwide collection of 160 isolates was evaluated for two traits: chromosomal emm gene markers for tissue tropism (designated patterns A-E), and bacteriophage-associated genes (speA and speC) encoding pyrogenic exotoxins. The speA ...

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Evaluation of emm gene types, toxin gene profiles and clonal relatedness of group A streptococci.

The aim of this study is to evaluate antibiotic susceptibilities, emm gene types, toxin gene profiles and clonal relatedness of group A streptococci (GAS) isolates obtained from patients and carriers. A total of 79 clinical isolates from patients and 60 isolates from carriers were included in the study. Emm typing, toxin gene detection for speA, speB, speC, speG and smeZ genes and pulsed-field ...

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Allelic Polymorphism of Calpastatin Gene (CAST) in Khalkhali Goats: A Possible Marker for Meat Tenderness

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New emm (M protein gene) sequences of group A streptococci isolated from Malaysian patients.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

سال: 1994

ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.8.3280